A computer keyboard is an input device used to enter text, characters, and various commands into a computer or other digital devices.

 Data

Instructions

• URL is clicked/typed into a web browser address bar. The page is requested (by the web browser) so HTML and files are fetched from a web server and the browser collates the page, which is then displayed on the monitor.
• OR
  URL is clicked/typed into a web browser address bar (1). The browser locates the IP address either in cache or using a DNS server and the browser sends a request to the web server with that IP address web server uses HTTP to send back the requested web page and the browser displays the content of the page .

• Recommendation on whether to continue or abandon the project
• Methods used to collect data
• benefits and limitations expected
• the technology required to develop and maintain the project
• Installation and running cost
• Time limit

• They run only one program/task
• OS would increase development and manufacturing cost as more storage will be needed

Multimedia Capability - A laptop with strong multimedia capabilities is essential for a computer studies project submitted on CD-RW. This ensures that the laptop can efficiently handle multimedia content, providing a seamless experience in creating and presenting project materials.

Processor Speed - Opting for a laptop with a high processor speed is crucial. This feature enables the smooth execution of multiple applications simultaneously, enhancing overall project efficiency and reducing processing delays.

Hard Disk Capacity - Consider a laptop with ample hard disk capacity, as the Microsoft Office suite used in computer projects requires significant space for the installation and storage of project files. A spacious hard drive ensures that there is sufficient room for data and applications.

Main Memory Capacity - Given that students often work with multiple programs concurrently during a project, it's important to choose a laptop with an adequate main memory size. A smaller main memory may result in performance issues, hindering the seamless operation of various software applications during project development.

• 4 (four)

• Software may be designed to run on 1 core and not multiple cores
• depends on the task(s)  i.e some tasks cannot be split across cores
• Clock speed also affects speed i.e dual core may have a faster clock speed and quad-core may have slower clock speed so one task may be run faster/slower
• RAM size also affects speed i.e Quad-core may have less RAM  amount of VM being used
• Cache size also affects speed i.e Quad-core may have less cache

• problem recognition involves the system analyst identifying and accepting the existence of a problem in the current system
• problem definition involves the analyst studying the system to understand its operations and shortcomings

Definition

• Disk formatting is the process of preparing a data storage media for initial use

Reasons:

• To make a disk blank for reuse
• To make it compatible with another operating system
• to create tracks and sectors for first time use

1. Identify any computer output device suitable for each of the following tasks:

1. Generating receipts where carbon copies are required  (1mk)

• Impact printers e.g dot matrix

     b) an architectural drawing where precision is required         (1mk)

• Plotter

(c ) producing document output for a visually impaired person (1mk)

• Braille/speakers

1. Pesa Tele has offices in Nairobi and Kampala connected in a network . the management is convinced that someone is illegally gaining access to the data in their computers. State three ways in which the company can overcome this problem (3mks)

• Encryption
• Firewall
• Audit trail/tracking
• Use of passwords
• Limit the number of log-in attempts

1. Explain two ways in which the use of internet could make reporting of corruption easier (4mks)

• Interactive: the internet based technology enables real-time dialogue hence instantaneous reporting of cases
• Outreach: the technology allows the coverage of wide areas
• Social mobilization : it easy to create a network of people with similar concerns
• Anonymity : it is easier to report corruption without being  known
• Security: the message sent reaches destination without being intruded

1. State ways in which software errors can be prevent during program development

• Use of antivirus software
• Performing system update frequently
• Testing the software before implementation
• Proper training

• Sequential processing occurs in the order that the tasks are received while distributed processing where more than one computer or CPU is used to run specific programs.

• Power surge/loss (damages hardware)
•  Use a UPS
• Water can be spilt on the device
• Don’t have water near the device
• Keep the device in a waterproof box when not is use
• Fire can destroy the device
• Use electrics safety
• Keep the device in a fireproof box when not in use
• Data is accidentally deleted
•  Add verification method for data deletion
•  Set access levels for data to limit who can delete the data
• Incorrect use of storage device
• Making sure the device is ejected before removing
•  Physical damage to hardware // hardware failure
•  Correct care and maintenance of hardware
•  Software failure 
• Making sure it is always up to date // enable automatic updates

Input : An algorithm can take 0 or more inputs well defined outputs

Finiteness: an algorithm must terminate in finite time and after finite number of steps. 

Definiteness : an algorithm must be clear and unambiguous. Each and every step of an algorithm must be clear and precise and it must have only one meaning

Feasibility: should be feasible with the available resources

Output : must produce at least one well defined output

Independent : should have a step-by-step directions which is independent of any programming language

Correctness: should solve the problem it is designed to solve

Efficiency: must take the shortest time possible to run and should require the least memory space. It should use a minimum number of computation steps and memory to produce the desired  output. takes little time and memory to run

Generality: should not be limited to a specific case. It should work for all the valid inputs. works for many possible inputs

Effectiveness : should statements that are relevant to the problem. Every step must be basic and essential. 

• devices are automatically detected and configured when initially attached
• Impossible to connect device incorrectly/connector only fits one way
• has become the industry standard
• supports multiple data transmission speeds
• lots of support base for USB software developers
• supported by many operating systems
• backward compatible
• faster transmission compared to wireless

Many components that go into computer systems are toxic and dangerous to the environment if released or disposed of inappropriately.
Heavy metals are used in batteries and circuits and these can pollute groundwater or kill animals if left exposed on landfill. Large quantities of plastics are used in systems, which take a long time to break down, some of the plastic will eventually break down into toxins as it degrades.

Convert the HTML into a webpage which is rendered on the screen

• Thesaurus - Is a feature in a word processor that suggest words with the similar or opposite meaning to the one selected
• Comments: a feature in a word processor that allows a user to attach a remark about the selection